Venous sinuses
VENOUS SINUSES OF DURA MATER
1 Definition
- Dural venous sinuses are venous spaces or channels present in the dura mater.
- They are lined by endothelium.
2 Features of Dural Venous Sinuses
Formation
Dural venous sinuses are formed in two ways:
- By separation of two layers of dura mater
- By folding of the meningeal layer on itself
Other Features
- Lined by endothelium only.
- Muscle coat is absent in their walls.
- Devoid of valves in their lumen.
- Receive both blood and CSF.
- Communicate with veins outside the skull through emissary veins.
Important:
This helps to maintain constant blood pressure in the sinuses.
3 Classification of Dural Venous Sinuses
- There are 23 venous sinuses:
- 8 paired
- 7 unpaired
A. Paired Venous Sinuses
There is one sinus each on the right and left side.
- Cavernous sinus
- Superior petrosal sinus
- Inferior petrosal sinus
- Transverse sinus
- Sigmoid sinus
- Sphenoparietal sinus
- Petrosquamous sinus
- Middle meningeal sinus/veins
B. Unpaired Venous Sinuses
These are median in position.
- Superior sagittal sinus
- Inferior sagittal sinus
- Straight sinus
- Occipital sinus
- Anterior intercavernous sinus
- Posterior intercavernous sinus
- Basilar plexus of veins